created 2025-04-25, & modified, =this.modified
tags:y2025
rel:Signum Manus
Tughra is a calligraphic monogram, seal or signature of a sultan that was affixed to all official documents and correspondence.
The tughra was designed at the beginning of the sultan’s reign and drawn by the court calligrapher or nişancı on written documents. The first tughra examples are from the 14th century.
Characteristic form -
- two loops on left side - beyze, perhaps signifying the mediterranean and black sea.
- three vertical middle lines - tuğ, or flagstaff. ‘s’ shapes crossing, zülfe the winds blowing.
- two extensions on the right, sword.
