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pragmatics is the study of how context contributes to meaning. It deals with utterances, specific events, the intentional acts of speakers at times and places, typically involving language.
The study of the speaker’s meaning focusing not on the phonetic or grammatical form of an utterance but on what the speaker’s intentions and beliefs are.
The study of implicatures: the things that are communicated even though they are not explicitly expressed
- Near-side pragmatics - concerned with the nature of certain facts that are relevant in determining what is said.
- includes but is not limited to the resolution of ambiguity and vagueness, the reference of proper names, indexicals and demonstratives, and anaphors along with some issues involving presuppositions.
- Far-side pragmatics - is focused on what happens beyond saying: what speech acts are performed in or by saying what is said, or what implicatures are generated saying what is said.